Most China cities fail to meet air quality standards

中國大部分城市大氣質(zhì)量未達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

第一時(shí)間獲取更多考研備考信息，請關(guān)注@2016考研論壇

環(huán)境部表示，2014年中國74所大城市中，只有8所城市通過了政府基本空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

The most polluted cities were in north-eastern Hebei.

污染最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)為河北省東北部。

Beijing and Shanghai both failed the assessment, which was based on measurements of major pollutants.

此項(xiàng)評估基于主要污染物的測量，北京和上海都未能達(dá)標(biāo)。

China is attempting to cut pollution but the country still relies heavily on coal for its energy needs. The government shut more than 8,000 coal-burning factories in Hebei last year.

中國正試著減少污染，但煤炭仍然是滿足中國能源需求的主要依靠。去年，政府關(guān)閉了河北8000多家燃煤工廠。

But the BBC's Celia Hatton in Beijing says like many places in China, the authorities are struggling to balance factory closures with the demands of the country's slowing economy.

但是BBC駐北京記者杉麗雅·哈頓表示，與中國很多地方一樣，有關(guān)當(dāng)局也正努力平衡工廠關(guān)閉與中國經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的需求之間的關(guān)系。

The environment ministry's statement published on its website? noted that the 2014 result was an improvement over the previous year, where only three cities met the standards.

環(huán)境部門在其官網(wǎng)上發(fā)表聲明，與去年相比，2014年取得了進(jìn)步，因?yàn)槿ツ曛挥?個(gè)城市達(dá)到了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

But it added that “presently, the country's air pollution situation remains serious”.

但聲明中也補(bǔ)充道：“目前來看，我國的大氣污染形勢依然嚴(yán)峻。”

The assessment was based on readings of pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone.

該項(xiàng)評估基于對PM2.5，氮氧化物，一氧化碳以及臭氧的檢測值。

The southern city of Haikou, in Hainan province, was found to have the cleanest air. Most of the eight cities that made the grade were in the east of the country. Meanwhile the northern industrial city of Baoding had the dirtiest air.

海南省海口市北部城市的空氣最清新。達(dá)標(biāo)的八所城市中，大部分城市都位于中國東部。而北方工業(yè)型城市保定，空氣污染最為嚴(yán)重。

The statement did not give the rankings for Beijing and Shanghai, although it noted that Beijing's air quality had improved slightly over the previous year.

該項(xiàng)聲明沒有給出北京和上海的排名，盡管與去年相比，北京的空氣質(zhì)量稍微有些提高。

The Chinese authorities announced a “war on air pollution” last year, and recently began publishing figures for the air quality in China's cities. Officials have pledged to restrict consumption of coal and rely more on clean energy sources.

去年，中國當(dāng)局向“空氣污染”宣戰(zhàn)，最近開始公布中國城市空氣質(zhì)量指標(biāo)。官方承諾限制煤炭的消耗，更加依賴清潔能源。

At November's Apec summit, China made a historic pledge that its carbon emissions would peak by 2030, but did not set a specific target. It also attempted to improve the air quality in Beijing during the Apec summit, imposing tight limits on car use and ordering factories to close in the weeks leading up to the meeting.

9月份召開的亞太經(jīng)合（Apec）峰會上，中國做出歷史性的承諾：二氧化碳排放量在2030年將達(dá)到峰值，但是中國并未制定明確的目標(biāo)。Apec峰會期間，中國嚴(yán)格限制汽車的使用，并要求關(guān)閉若干工廠，以提高北京的空氣質(zhì)量，為會議做準(zhǔn)備。

The temporary improvement in air quality was termed “Apec Blue”, and the government has since promised to make it a permanent feature by improving air quality countrywide.

空氣質(zhì)量的短暫性提高被稱為“APEC藍(lán)”。自此，政府承諾通過提高全國的空氣質(zhì)量使“APEC藍(lán)”成為北京的永久性標(biāo)志。