能量姐叨一叨：今天為大家介紹下考研英語(yǔ)真題中最難的十個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句分析，你會(huì)嗎？一起來(lái)分析分析吧。

1. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本句是由for連接的兩個(gè)因果關(guān)系的并列句；for前面的部分是表示結(jié)果的分句，此句結(jié)構(gòu)是when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句+主句，主句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是… it is advisable to …，其中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)；動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中又包含一個(gè)what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，做find out的賓語(yǔ)；for后面的部分是表示原因的分句，此句結(jié)構(gòu)是：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句+主句，主句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是… it is possible that… ,it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句；

譯文： 當(dāng)一場(chǎng)新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)形成某種時(shí)尚時(shí)，理應(yīng)弄清其倡導(dǎo)者的目標(biāo)所在，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論他們的準(zhǔn)則在今天看來(lái)是多么牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)、不可思議，將來(lái)都有可能被視為正常的。

2.The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本句主干部分是The … result has been to make entrance … harder for amateurs…； 第一個(gè)逗號(hào)后面是一個(gè)名詞性短語(yǔ)，中心詞是the result，后面是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句；此定語(yǔ)從句中包含兩個(gè)并列狀語(yǔ)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為first by … and then by … ;

譯文： 其總的結(jié)果是使業(yè)余人員的論文進(jìn)入專業(yè)性地質(zhì)學(xué)雜志更加困難，而審稿制度的全面引進(jìn)使論文發(fā)表的難度進(jìn)一步加大，這一制度開(kāi)始是在19世紀(jì)的全國(guó)性雜志出現(xiàn)的，進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)后也在一些地方性地質(zhì)雜志實(shí)行。

3.Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是… this project has turned out to be … findings …； findings前面的mostly low-level是findings的修飾成分，后面的about … 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)是賓語(yǔ)findings的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；逗號(hào)后面的過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)combined是狀語(yǔ)成分，表示一種伴隨的動(dòng)作；

譯文： 遺憾的是，這次調(diào)查的結(jié)果只獲得了一些膚淺的發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤、拼寫(xiě)或語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，以及特別令人費(fèi)解的困惑：讀者到底想讀些什么。

4.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family.”

結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本句句子主干是A lateral move … prompted me to …； move后面是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾a lateral move, that在從句做主語(yǔ)；第一個(gè)逗號(hào)后面的是狀語(yǔ)成分，兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的部分是插入語(yǔ)；

譯文： 一次平級(jí)的人事調(diào)動(dòng)傷了我的自尊心，并阻礙了我的事業(yè)發(fā)展，這促使我放棄自己地位較高的職業(yè)，當(dāng)然，就像顏面掃盡的政府部長(zhǎng)那樣，我也掩飾說(shuō)“我想多陪陪家人”。

5.I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life” , and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是I have discovered … + that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；as引導(dǎo)的句子是伴隨狀語(yǔ)，可以看作是插入語(yǔ)；在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)：abandoning … and making …，謂語(yǔ)是brings;

譯文： 我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)（由于壓力過(guò)大，凱爾茜已多次公開(kāi)宣稱要辭去《她》雜志編輯的職務(wù)，在這之后她也許會(huì)同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)）：放棄“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲學(xué)，轉(zhuǎn)而過(guò)一種“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的生活所帶來(lái)的回報(bào)，比經(jīng)濟(jì)成功和社會(huì)地位更有價(jià)值。

6.Despite a spell of initial optimismin the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits andmicroprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if notcenturies.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)為researchers … have began to extendthat forecast…；逗號(hào)前面為狀語(yǔ)成分，包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，appear后面是that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句；

譯文： 雖然一開(kāi)始在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代有過(guò)一段樂(lè)觀的時(shí)期--那時(shí)候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使它們?cè)?010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動(dòng)--但是最近研究人員已經(jīng)開(kāi)始將這個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。

7. Although it ruled that there is noconstitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effectsupported the medical principle of “double effect” , a centuries-oldmoral principle holding that an action having two effects - a good one that isintended and a harmful one that is foreseen - is permissible if the actorintends only the good effect.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干： … the Court … supported the medical principle of “doubleeffect” … ; although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其中包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作ruled的賓語(yǔ)；a centuries-old moral principle是the medical principle的同位語(yǔ)，其中包含一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞holding及其賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)從句中，主干部分是：an action … is permissible…，其中having是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾an action;兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間是對(duì)two effects的解釋說(shuō)明；賓語(yǔ)從句中還包含一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；

譯文：盡管裁決認(rèn)為，憲法沒(méi)有賦予醫(yī)生幫助病人自殺的權(quán)利，然而最高法庭實(shí)際上卻認(rèn)可了醫(yī)療界的“雙效”原則，這個(gè)存在了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的道德原則認(rèn)為，如果某種行為具有雙重效果（希望達(dá)到的好效果和可以預(yù)見(jiàn)得到的壞效果），那么，只要行為實(shí)施只是想達(dá)到好的效果，這個(gè)行為就是可以允許的。

8. For example, a grandmotherly womanstaffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing abrochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or istested in animals - no meat, no fur, no medicines.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干是：… a … woman … was distributing a brochure … ; woman后面的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)staffing an animal rights booth是woman的后置定語(yǔ)；brochure后面的that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句； anything后面的that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；

譯文：例如，在近期的一次集市上，一位老奶奶站在動(dòng)物權(quán)利宣傳點(diǎn)前散發(fā)小冊(cè)子，規(guī)勸人們不要使用動(dòng)物制品和動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)制品--肉類，毛皮，藥物。

9. Finally, because the ultimatestakeholders are patients, the health research community should activelyrecruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but allwho receive medical treatment.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是： … the health research community should … recruit to its causenot only … but … ; because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句；Stephen Cooper后面是一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；最后一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾all;

譯文：最后，因?yàn)樽罱K決定因素是病人，醫(yī)療研究機(jī)構(gòu)不僅應(yīng)該積極爭(zhēng)取像史蒂芬·庫(kù)博這樣的名人的支持--他對(duì)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)的價(jià)值勇敢地進(jìn)行了肯定--而且應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)取所有接受治療的病人的支持。

10. Shielded by third-party payers fromthe cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us,even if it's useless.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干為：… we demand everything … ; 第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)shielded引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)成分，第二個(gè)逗號(hào)后面是even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；everything后面是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中作主語(yǔ)；

譯文：由于醫(yī)療費(fèi)用由第三方支付，我們常常要求用盡所有的醫(yī)療手段，即使它們不會(huì)有任何作用。